PaedDr. SLAVOMÍR LACA

The publication contains fundamental positions from both the religious and social perspectives. A comparison of both viewpoints helps to gain a deeper insight into the issue of abortion itself.

PREFACE

Human life is becoming increasingly complicated. Modern technologies bring astonishing progress. Thousands of discoveries and inventions from the last century enable new generations to live more easily and place them in the category of the “modern human.”

People continue to long for the most advanced technical conveniences, while this pursuit often leads them into ruthless competition with others. The external environment becomes dominant, and inner values begin to lose their charm. Yet the human heart seems to grow cold. This coldness causes a loss of sensitivity, and this is also related to the widespread disrespect for human life, because life appears to be something self-evident.

Human life is a gift from the very beginning. It is fragile and weak when it enters this world, and it is meant to have its value and dignity throughout its entire existence, because various aspects of today’s society threaten the form of human life. At the birth of new life, people want to get rid of it, and at the end of its life, they want to help it depart. Every form of life, even the simplest one, is a magnificent adornment of everything inanimate, which contains the entire world within itself and at the same time surpasses every creature.

With this work we want to point out the seriousness and senselessness of killing a human being who is defenseless and innocent, even though he has his mission and dignity, which no one has the right to take away from him, ever. No one else, and not even the person himself, has the right to decide for life or death. The topic this work will address is the problem of understanding the meaning of existence and the threat to human life from its conception. We hope that the findings presented in this work will at least partially help others, as they helped us, to clarify the whole matter of this serious problem, the solution to which is currently relevant on a global scale.

Slavomír LACA

CONTENTS

INTRODUCTION

1 THE ETHICS OF LIFE 1.1 Philosophical-anthropological view of human existence 1.2 Human being and philosophy 1.3 Human being from the perspective of theology 1.4 The socio-ethical problem of abortion

2 HUMAN LIFE 2.1 The origin and development of human life 2.2 The identity and status of the human fetus 2.3 Philosophical view of the fetus 2.4 The right to life

3 ABORTION 3.1 Reasons for abortion 3.2 Methods of abortion 3.3 Consequences of abortion 3.4 Eugenic and therapeutic abortion

4 THE CATHOLIC CHURCH AND ABORTION 4.1 Magisterial documents of the Church on abortion 4.2 Canonical norms of the Catholic Church regarding abortion 4.3 Conservative view of abortion 4.4 Liberal attitude toward abortion

5 THE ISSUE OF ABORTION IN THE WORLD 5.1 Abortion in the USA 5.2 Abortion in Europe 5.3 Abortion in Slovakia 5.4 The current situation of abortion in Slovakia

CONCLUSION

A cultured and humane person, as modern man calls himself, should realize that every action he takes has a dichotomous character. First of all, it is highly individual, but last but not least, it has immense moral, ethical, and social consequences. Consequences that many do not consider out of ignorance, while others do so out of fear of responsibility.

Human beings are social creatures, and therefore they should be aware of the impact of their actions, especially when through their actions or thinking they directly decide about or interfere in the lives of other people. The effort to point out that life is one of the values that must be constantly observed and whose beauty and preciousness are not diminished by time was one of the ambitions of this publication. For abortion is tied to its socio-cultural origins and is a product of a benefit-oriented society that does not admit suffering but, on the contrary, emphasizes individual freedom understood as freedom without responsibility. Abortion is precisely a product of a hyper-technological civilization, where there must be a remedy for everything and an answer to every problem that will free us from the unpleasant consequences of our actions. The answer to the problem of abortion can be found in the terms of natural morality and the ethics of human rights and duties regarding the inviolability of human life.

In this publication we tried to include fundamental positions from both the religious and social perspectives. A comparison of both viewpoints helped us to gain a deeper insight into the issue of abortion itself. The result is alarming conclusions about how human life is played with and treated, and especially how it is discussed. For this reason, it is necessary to devote attention to this serious problem, which presses in on us from every side and in various forms.

The solution to this problem of humanity is very difficult and, last but not least, complex. The first step toward finding a solution to this serious problem is for everyone to realize the urgency of this act and also the beauty of life, which is contained in every human situation. Any imposition of a one-sided opinion leads nowhere, only to a deepening of the problem. A step toward solving the problem could be dialogue, but dialogue conducted not in the spirit of competing for the truth, but in the spirit of partnership in search. Therefore, it is necessary to continue pointing to the hierarchy of values and reminding society of its moral and ethical treatment of human life. Important significance lies not only in the ethical and moral outcome, but also in a healthy view of the issue in question, as well as in the very approximation of circumstances and the search for a common way out that will be acceptable.

At the beginning, life is quite insignificant, and through its gradual development it reveals its beauty and uniqueness, which is a fascinating value for human beings at every moment of its existence.

Reviewers: Prof. ThDr. Anton Fabian, PhD. Prof. PaedDr. Milan Schavel, PhD. Doc. PhDr. Michal Olah, PhD. Language editing: PaedDr. Janette Lišivková Publisher and printing: Kušnír, Prešov, 2008 Number of pages: 119 ISBN: 978-80-969984-70 EAN: 9788096998470